What Causes Cataracts?

Cataracts can develop for several reasons. Age is the most common factor. As we age, proteins within the lens of our eyes may aggregate, leading to cloudiness. Additional factors contributing to this condition include:

• Genetic factors: A family history of cataracts can increase your risk.

• Medical conditions: Diabetes, for example, can lead to cataract development.

• Lifestyle factors: Smoking and excessive alcohol intake have been associated with the development of cataracts.

• Environmental factors: Long-term exposure to UV rays without proper eye protection can precipitate cataracts.

• Previous eye injury or surgery: Eye injuries can hasten the development of cataracts.

Symptoms of Cataracts

Recognizing the symptoms of cataracts is vital in seeking timely treatment. Common indicators include:

• Blurred vision: It may seem like you're looking through a foggy window.

• Light sensitivity: Bright lights might cause discomfort or halos.

• Color fading or yellowing: Colors appear duller, and contrast diminishes.

• Difficulty with night vision: Low light situations can become challenging.

• Frequent prescription changes: Glasses or contact lenses may need to be updated more regularly.

When to Consider Cataract Surgery?

Cataract surgery is recommended when the condition seriously impairs vision and affects daily activities like reading or driving. It's one of the most common and successful procedures performed worldwide.

The surgical procedure involves removing the cataract-affected lens and replacing it with a clear artificial lens called an intraocular lens (IOL). Most cataract surgeries are done on an outpatient basis and require only minimal sedation.

The process is highly successful, with most patients experiencing significant improvements in vision. The benefits of cataract surgery include sharp visual acuity, an improved quality of life, independence, and safety.

Preparing for Cataract Surgery

Before surgery, you'll undergo a series of tests to determine your right lens implant (IOL) type. Your eye doctor will review what you can expect during and after the procedure, including the potential risks and the post-operative care required.

Recovery from Cataract Surgery

Recovery usually spans a few weeks, and it is paramount to adhere closely to the guidance provided by your eye surgeon. This might include using eye drops to prevent infection and inflammation, wearing protective eyewear, and avoiding strenuous activities that could harm your eye while it heals.

Cataract Prevention

While there's no guaranteed way to prevent cataracts, there are actions you can take to lower your risks, such as:

• Wear sunglasses: It is vital to shield your eyes from harmful UV rays.

• Eat a balanced diet: Nutrients and antioxidants in fruits and vegetables can affect eye health.

• Control other health problems: Managing conditions like diabetes can help.

• Avoid smoking: This reduces your risk not only for cataracts but for many other health issues.